NOAA’s analysis found 2018 global temperatures were 1.42 degrees Fahrenheit (0.79 degrees Celsius) above the 20th century average. NOAA scientists used much of the same raw temperature data, but with a different baseline period and different interpolation into the Earth’s polar and other data poor regions. Taking this into account, NASA estimates that 2018’s global mean change is accurate to within 0.1 degree Fahrenheit, with a 95 percent certainty level. These calculations produce the global average temperature deviations from the baseline period of 1951 to 1980.īecause weather station locations and measurement practices change over time, the interpretation of specific year-to-year global mean temperature differences has some uncertainties. These raw measurements are analyzed using an algorithm that considers the varied spacing of temperature stations around the globe and urban heat island effects that could skew the conclusions. NASA’s temperature analyses incorporate surface temperature measurements from 6,300 weather stations, ship- and buoy-based observations of sea surface temperatures, and temperature measurements from Antarctic research stations. “The impacts of long-term global warming are already being felt - in coastal flooding, heat waves, intense precipitation and ecosystem change,” said Schmidt. Increasing temperatures can also contribute to longer fire seasons and some extreme weather events, according to Schmidt. In addition, mass loss from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets continued to contribute to sea level rise. Warming trends are strongest in the Arctic region, where 2018 saw the continued loss of sea ice. NOAA found the 2018 annual mean temperature for the contiguous 48 United States was the 14th warmest on record. Weather dynamics often affect regional temperatures, so not every region on Earth experienced similar amounts of warming. ![]() Credits: NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio/Kathryn Mersmann The record is shown as a running five-year average. Earth’s long-term warming trend can be seen in this visualization of NASA’s global temperature record, which shows how the planet’s temperatures are changing over time, compared to a baseline average from 1951 to 1980. This warming has been driven in large part by increased emissions into the atmosphere of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases caused by human activities, according to Schmidt. ![]() Since the 1880s, the average global surface temperature has risen about 2 degrees Fahrenheit (1 degree Celsius). “2018 is yet again an extremely warm year on top of a long-term global warming trend,” said GISS Director Gavin Schmidt. The past five years are, collectively, the warmest years in the modern record. Get the latest news releases about the Perseverance rover mission. Globally, 2018’s temperatures rank behind those of 2016, 20. This site is maintained by the Mars Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory for NASA's Science Mission Directorate. Global temperatures in 2018 were 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit (0.83 degrees Celsius) warmer than the 1951 to 1980 mean, according to scientists at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York. Earth’s global surface temperatures in 2018 were the fourth warmest since 1880, according to independent analyses by NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
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